رعي الحمام الطبي

الوصف النباتي

الأوراق

Leaves: Oblong, coarsely dentate or pinnatipartite, narrowed into a short petiole; upper surface green, lower surface paler, both slightly rough to the touch.

الأزهار

Inflorescence & flowers: Long, filiform, and loose spikes; flowers very small (2–3 mm), subsessile and erect; bracts oblong, acuminate, shorter than the calyx. Calyx tubular, covered with appressed bristles, divided into five short, acute teeth; corolla pale violet, with a slender exserted tube gradually widening into a spreading limb.

الثمار والبذور

Fruit: Composed of four nutlets, 2–3 mm, enclosed within the persistent calyx.

مواسم النبات

الفنلوجية

Phenology: Flowers almost throughout the year.

الانتشار الموثق

Lebanese distribution: Recorded by Mouterde in Saïda, Beirut, Nahr el-Kelb, Tripoli, Jamhour, Hadeth (Cedars), Ferzol, Taʿnaïl, Chtaura, Ksara, Zaïr, Damascus, Hammé, Soueida, and Qatma.

Native range: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Assam, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Burundi, Central European Russia, China (North-Central, South-Central, Southeast), Corse, Cyprus, Czechia–Slovakia, Denmark, DR Congo, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Greece, Hainan, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Java, Kenya, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, KwaZulu-Natal, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, Netherlands, New South Wales, North Caucasus, Northern Europe, NW. Balkan Peninsula, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Sardegna, Sicilia, Somalia, South Europe, Spain, Sudan–South Sudan, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Victoria, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Xinjiang, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Introduced into: Widely naturalised in temperate and subtropical regions, including North and South America, Australia, and numerous oceanic islands (POWO).

لمحة نباتية

بنية النبات

Life-form & habit: Erect, slender perennial herb, 20–100 cm tall; stems quadrangular, branched above, slightly rough with short appressed hairs.

دورة الحياة

معمرة

الفصيلة والتصنيف

الاسم العلمي المقبول

Verbena officinalis

الفصيلة

لويزية