Leaves: Alternate, narrowly lanceolate to elliptic, 5–12 × 1–3 cm, margin finely serrulate, apex acute; upper surface dark green and glabrous, lower surface lighter with sparse hairs along veins. Petiole short, stipules small and caducous.
الأزهار
Inflorescence & flowers: Catkins appearing before or with the leaves in early spring; males slender and dense, 3–5 cm long, with yellow anthers; female catkins lax, elongating in fruit. Ovary shortly pedicellate, glabrous or slightly pubescent; stigmas bifid.
الثمار والبذور
Fruit: Capsule narrowly ovoid, splitting to release numerous small silky-haired seeds.
الموائل والبيئة
Habitat & elevation: Wetlands, riverbanks, and spring-fed valleys on limestone or sandstone substrates, 600–1 800 m asl, often associated with Alnus orientalis .
Phenology: Flowers in March–April; fruits mature soon after flowering.
الانتشار الموثق
Lebanese distribution: Scattered populations from north to south Lebanon, including the Beqaa Valley and Mount Lebanon slopes; present near Barouk, Ain Dara, Ehden, and along tributaries of Nahr el-Jaouz and Nahr el-Kalb.
Native range: Lebanon, Syria, southeastern Türkiye; possibly extending further in the northern Levant.
الارتفاع الموثق
الارتفاع
800 m asl
لمحة نباتية
بنية النبات
Life-form & habit: Small deciduous tree or large shrub up to 8 m tall, often multi-stemmed, with greyish bark and flexible young twigs.